Compare commits
No commits in common. "7d9cf9d7e6bd8092fcd736f4eb86d0268a6e27ab" and "d6d9d15c4febf0cf41e9b0cb6f50ef2af3a0db83" have entirely different histories.
7d9cf9d7e6
...
d6d9d15c4f
@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# Installation of Arch Linux
|
||||
|
||||
After creating an ISO and starting the system.
|
||||
See `archlinux-2024.06.01-x86_64.iso` via https://archlinux.org/download/
|
||||
|
||||
### Create a Live USB or DVD or ISO directly in a Virtual Machine
|
||||
|
||||
#### USB stick on a Linux machine
|
||||
|
||||
# dd bs=4M if=/[path_to_archlinux.iso] of=/dev/[path_to_usb_device] statuts=progress && sync
|
||||
|
||||
Replace [path_to_archlinux.iso] with the actual path to your Arch Linux ISO file and [path_to_usb_device] with the correct path to your USB device.
|
||||
|
||||
Be careful specifieng the path to the USB device.
|
||||
Check the path with
|
||||
|
||||
# lsblk
|
||||
|
||||
A USB stick is usually mounted under /run/media/ e.g.
|
||||
|
||||
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
|
||||
sda 8:0 1 111.8G 0 disk
|
||||
├─sda1 8:1 1 102G 0 part /
|
||||
└─sda2 8:2 1 9.8G 0 part [SWAP]
|
||||
sdb 8:16 1 3.6T 0 disk /data
|
||||
/srv
|
||||
/raid1
|
||||
sdc 8:32 1 3.6T 0 disk
|
||||
sdd 8:48 1 7.6G 0 disk
|
||||
└─sdd1 8:49 1 7.6G 0 part /run/media/tom/TUEVAUSTRIA
|
||||
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
|
||||
|
||||
In this example the USB device partition is `sdd1` and the device itself is `sdd` which should be used as [path_to_usb_device].
|
||||
|
||||
### Start the install ISO
|
||||
Select **Arch Linux install medium (x86_64)** and press **Enter** to start the setup process
|
||||
|
||||
### Set the Keyboard Layout
|
||||
The default keymap is set to US. To list other available layouts run
|
||||
|
||||
# ls /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/**/*.map.gz
|
||||
|
||||
To change to the German keyboard layout enter
|
||||
|
||||
# loadkeys de-latin1
|
||||
|
||||
It is a little difficult to find the correct keys on a US keyboard. The **`y`** is swapped with the **`z`**, and the **`-`** is on the **`ß`** key.
|
||||
|
||||
### Check the Internet Connection
|
||||
|
||||
# ping -c 3 google.com
|
||||
|
||||
### Enable Network Time Protocol (NTP)
|
||||
|
||||
# timedatectl set-ntp true
|
||||
|
||||
To check the NTP service, use:
|
||||
|
||||
# timedatectl status
|
||||
|
||||
### Partition the Disk
|
||||
|
||||
#### BTRF file system without a partition
|
||||
|
||||
Just to get an overview of the drives
|
||||
|
||||
# lsblk
|
||||
|
||||
Create the filesystem with
|
||||
|
||||
# mkfs.btrfs /dev/sdX --label arch
|
||||
|
||||
Replace X with the drive letter or if it is an nvme drive use /dev/nvmeXX with the correct drive label. `--label` or `-L` defines the Label of the drive, e.g. *arch*.
|
||||
|
||||
### Check the Mirror List for an Suitable Mirror
|
||||
|
||||
To speed up the download, set up the mirror list so that the fastest mirrors are at the top.
|
||||
|
||||
First, sync the Arch repository with `pacman`
|
||||
|
||||
# pacman -Syy
|
||||
|
||||
Install **reflector** to be able to update the mirrors and sort them by download speed. Add reflector by running:
|
||||
|
||||
# pacman -S reflector
|
||||
|
||||
Backup the mirror list with:
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.bak
|
||||
|
||||
The reflector updates the mirror list, run:
|
||||
|
||||
# reflector -c "XX" -f 12 -l 10 -n 12 --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
|
||||
|
||||
Replace **"XX"** with the your location country code (e.g. enter "US" if you are
|
||||
located in the United States, or "AT,DE" if you are located close to Austria and Germany)
|
||||
|
||||
## Install Arch Linux
|
||||
|
||||
### Mount the **root** partition
|
||||
|
||||
Btrfs filesystem has the following options, which are useful to change:
|
||||
|
||||
* **noatime**, useful to use by default because atime updates increases metadata writes. relatime is default,
|
||||
* **commit=300**, default is 30, the interval of periodic transaction commit,
|
||||
* **compress=zstd:2**, default is no, use zstd compression from [1,15] ratio. Default zstd ratio is 3.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Mount the Drive with Label *arch* to /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
# mount -o compress=zstd:2,noatime,commit=300 LABEL=arch /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### PACSTRAP installation script for necessary packages to the bootable device
|
||||
|
||||
# pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware nano mc btrfs-progs dhcpcd
|
||||
|
||||
## Configure Arch Linux
|
||||
|
||||
### Generate fstab File
|
||||
The **fstab** file defines the order in which disks, partitions, block devices, and other data sources are mounted.
|
||||
|
||||
Create the **fstab** file by running:
|
||||
|
||||
# genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
|
||||
### Use Arch-Chroot and Enter the Mounted Disk as Root
|
||||
Change the **root** to the newly installed Arch Linux system with the 'arch-chroot' command:
|
||||
|
||||
# arch-chroot /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
[root@archiso /]#
|
||||
|
||||
### Set the Time Zone
|
||||
Setting the correct time zone ensures the system clock reflects the accurate local time.
|
||||
|
||||
#### List all available time zones
|
||||
|
||||
# find /usr/share/zoneinfo -type f | more
|
||||
|
||||
Find your timezone and make a note of the name, make an `ln`command to create a symbolic link from the timezone to */etc/localtime*. For *Europe/Vienna* run
|
||||
|
||||
# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Vienna /etc/localtime
|
||||
|
||||
#### Set the Locale
|
||||
|
||||
Open the file *locale.gen* with `nano`, and uncomment the name by removing the leading # of your preferred locale and any other you would like to use.
|
||||
I uncomment the line with
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/locale.gen
|
||||
|
||||
I personally like to have an English environment with European setting, so I remove the **#** for *en_DK.UTF-8 UTF-8*.
|
||||
|
||||
...
|
||||
#en_CA ISO-8859-1
|
||||
en_DK.UTF-8 UTF-8
|
||||
#en_DK ISO-8859-1
|
||||
#en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
Enter **Ctr + X** to exit and type **Y** to save the changes.
|
||||
|
||||
Generate a locale configuration file with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
# locale-gen
|
||||
|
||||
Create the *locale.conf*, run:
|
||||
|
||||
# echo LANG=en_DK.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
|
||||
# export LANG=en_DK.UTF-8
|
||||
|
||||
Set the **console keyboard layout**, make the changes persistent in *vconsole.conf(5):
|
||||
|
||||
# echo KEYMAP=de-latin1 > /etc/vconsole.conf
|
||||
|
||||
### Set Hostname *debian* (or any other name)
|
||||
|
||||
# echo debian > /etc/hostname
|
||||
|
||||
### Enable the DHCP, the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
|
||||
Run
|
||||
|
||||
# systemctl enable dhcpcd
|
||||
|
||||
### Set the root password with the command **passwd**
|
||||
|
||||
# passwd
|
||||
|
||||
## Installation of the Grub Bootloader
|
||||
|
||||
#### Installation on a Non-UEFI System
|
||||
|
||||
# pacman -S grub os-prober
|
||||
# grub-install /dev/sdX
|
||||
|
||||
Replace X with the letter of the drive you want to install GRUB on. For example `grub-install /dev/sda`.
|
||||
|
||||
Create a GRUB configuration file with:
|
||||
|
||||
# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#### Installation on a UEFI System
|
||||
|
||||
# pacman -S grub efibootmgr
|
||||
# mkdir /boot/efi
|
||||
# mount /dev/sdX1 /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
Replace X with the drive letter of the disk the partition belongs to.
|
||||
Install Grub with:
|
||||
|
||||
# grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --bootloader-id=GRUB --efi-directory=/boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
Finally create GRUB configuration file:
|
||||
|
||||
# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
## Create a New User and Set Privileges
|
||||
|
||||
#### Install `sudo` before adding a new user
|
||||
|
||||
# pacman -S sudo
|
||||
|
||||
#### Create a New User with:
|
||||
|
||||
# useradd -m [username]
|
||||
|
||||
Replace [username] with the real username for the system.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Create the Password
|
||||
|
||||
# passwd [username]
|
||||
|
||||
#### Add the User to several groups, granting specific permissions:
|
||||
|
||||
# usermod -aG wheel,audio,video,storage [username]
|
||||
|
||||
#### sudoers -- Edit the *visudo* File, uncomment the **wheel** group:
|
||||
|
||||
# EDITOR=nano visudo
|
||||
#
|
||||
...
|
||||
## Uncomment to allow members of group wheel to execute any command
|
||||
%wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
## Exit the Environment of ARCH-Chroot and Reboot
|
||||
|
||||
# exit
|
||||
|
||||
### Unmount the **root** with:
|
||||
|
||||
# umount -l /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
Remove the USB or CD/DVD and reboot the system with:
|
||||
|
||||
# reboot
|
||||
|
@ -6,12 +6,9 @@
|
||||
## Prerequisites
|
||||
|
||||
1. A running Linux system, e.g. Debian, Arch, etc.
|
||||
0. User has administrative access via sudo
|
||||
0. Python Version >3
|
||||
0. Selenium for Python
|
||||
0. Chromium Web browser (headless)
|
||||
0. Selenium for Python via Webdriver Manager
|
||||
0. Optional: User has an ssh key pair
|
||||
0. Optional: git, ? wget, ? curl
|
||||
|
||||
## Installation of Python, Selenium, Chromium
|
||||
|
||||
@ -41,20 +38,7 @@ Upgrade your Debian installation if the version is lower than the above value.
|
||||
$ sudo apt update
|
||||
$ sudo apt upgrade
|
||||
|
||||
If this does not work, then the user \<username\> must be added to the sudo group with :
|
||||
|
||||
$ su -
|
||||
Password:
|
||||
root@debian:~# usermod -aG sudo <username>
|
||||
For the group membership to take effect, the user must log out and log in again or the system must be restarted.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Python3
|
||||
Check if Python is already installed in Debian:
|
||||
|
||||
$ python3 --version
|
||||
Python 3.11.2
|
||||
|
||||
If it is not already installed, then:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt install python3
|
||||
|
||||
@ -62,74 +46,7 @@ If it is not already installed, then:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt install chromium
|
||||
|
||||
#### Manager (selenium)
|
||||
Afterwards, selenium is installed:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt install python3-selenium
|
||||
|
||||
#### SSH key generation
|
||||
|
||||
The program `openssh` is preinstalled on Debian systems. But there is no private/public key installed yet. Best practices generating the key pair:
|
||||
|
||||
$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your_email@example.com"
|
||||
|
||||
Personally, I don't use a different name for the keys, I just click through the process.
|
||||
The same applies to the passphrase.
|
||||
Now go to the website https://git.kuschel.at and copy the content of the public key from ~/.ssh/id__ed25519.pub to the "Manage SSH keys" -- via "Add Key".
|
||||
|
||||
$ cat .ssh/id_ed25519.pub
|
||||
|
||||
#### Git installation and clone the scripts from git.kuschel.at
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt install git
|
||||
|
||||
You have to globally configure your `git` with:
|
||||
|
||||
$ git config --global user.name "John Doe"
|
||||
$ git config --global user.email your_email@example.com
|
||||
Checking the git configuration with:
|
||||
|
||||
$ git config -l
|
||||
user.name=<your name>
|
||||
user.email=<your e-mail>
|
||||
etc.
|
||||
|
||||
Now create a folder and cd into it
|
||||
|
||||
$ mkdir gitea
|
||||
$ cd gitea
|
||||
|
||||
Clone the repository `script` to your site with:
|
||||
|
||||
~/gitea$ git clone ssh://git@kuschel.at:21861/public/scripts.git
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Ensure you can run `pip` from command line
|
||||
|
||||
$ python3 -m pip --version
|
||||
|
||||
If pip isn’t already installed ("No module named pip"), then first try to bootstrap it from the standard library
|
||||
|
||||
$ python3 -m ensurepip --default-pip
|
||||
|
||||
If this does not work, install the package
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt install python3-pip
|
||||
|
||||
Also `sudo apt install pip` should work.
|
||||
|
||||
$ pip install webdriver-manager
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Arch Linux (@todo)
|
||||
### Arch Linux
|
||||
|
||||
#### Check Version
|
||||
|
||||
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user